Churches are regularly presented with requests to pray for individuals who face life-threatening circumstances. Church people are usually faithful to pray for their friends who are suffering. They hear about lingering sicknesses, major surgeries, injuries caused by accidents and other tragedies.
Sometimes folks are tempted to ask the question “why?” Why is this happening? Not every Christian asks that question the same way or with the same urgency. But I suspect there are times when all believers ponder the question of undeserved suffering.
The question is often framed this way: if God is good, and if he is all-powerful, why does he allow suffering and evil to continue? Admittedly, it takes faith to affirm the goodness and power of God when we are confronted with the enormity of evil and human suffering. It does no good to deny the reality of evil. And we know that it is un-Christian to deny the goodness and power of God. Is there an answer to this conundrum?
Thomas Oden has offered some constructive thoughts about this vexing issue. I have found them helpful to my own understanding. The following propositions are adapted from his writings.
- God does not directly will human suffering. He does not cause it. He himself is good. But we live in a world that has been corrupted and polluted by sin, and sin has consequences.
- This is not to say that every instance of suffering is a direct consequence of a victim’s personal sin. In fact, Jesus explicitly refuted this idea when he said of the man born blind that neither his nor his parent’s sins had caused his blindness (John 9:1-3).
- God suffers with his people. He feels our suffering. He entered our world of pain in the person of Jesus Christ who was “despised and rejected by mankind, a man of sorrows and familiar with suffering” (Isaiah 53:3). Jesus was “tempted in every way, just as we are — yet was without sin” (Hebrews 4:15).
- God gave human beings the gift of freedom of choice. They have consciousness, intelligence, conscience, and will. In doing this God was willing to risk the possibility that human beings would abuse their freedom and choose to disobey him. If God had taken away the power of choice, he would have removed human intelligence and moral accountability.
- God in his wisdom decided to create a universe in which evil and suffering were a possibility. Had he not done that, there would be no possibility of freedom.
- God’s power can draw good out of evil. Adam fell, but that occasioned the greater redemption through Christ. Many biblical examples show how God brought good out of evil (the sufferings of Job, the Babylonian captivity, Paul’s thorn in the flesh). This does not mean that suffering is good in itself. It means that God is able to use it to accomplish his good purpose (Romans 8:28). Oden wrote, “God judged it better to bring good out of evil than not to permit evil to exist.”
- Sometimes suffering occurs because we are connected to the rest of humanity. No one is an island. Paul repeated the maxim that “no one lives to himself.” Therefore, what happened to Adam (sin and death) happened to me. What happens to society happens to me, Some sufferings are the result of social evils (crime, war, terrorism) or human mistakes (faulty construction, drunken drivers) or natural disasters (earthquakes, storms, contagious diseases).
- We grow through trials and suffering, even though we do not like it. Every athlete knows there is no growth and development without pain. Again, God does not cause our suffering, but he may use it for our sanctification. This does not diminish the pain, but it may help us see God’s good purpose in it.
- Evil does not limit God’s power. It will not win. Beyond human history, God will renew creation, judge evil and set right what has been ruined by sin.
As I think about these affirmations, I wonder if, instead of asking “why?” I should be asking “how?” How may I respond to my difficulties with faith and courage? How may I see God’s good purpose in my suffering? How may I use these troubles to grow more like Jesus Christ?
Pastor Randy Faulkner